Epididymitis (Inflammation of the epididymis)

The epididymis is an elongated, highly folded organ located at the upper and posterior pole of the testicle. Sperm mature and are stored there. Epididymitis is a bacterial inflammation of this sensitive area, often triggered by ascending infections from the urethra or bladder.

• Urinary tract infections, especially in older men with prostate problems
• Sexually transmitted infections (e.g., chlamydia or gonorrhea) in sexually active younger men
• Catheterization or instrumental procedures
• Anatomical abnormalities such as urethral stricture

• Sudden, usually one-sided testicular pain
• Swelling, redness, and warmth of the affected testicle
• Fever, chills
• Pain when urinating or urethral discharge

The urologist palpates the testicles and epididymis and can often make a suspected diagnosis based on the typical location of the pain (usually in the upper pole of the testicle). Additionally, urine tests, swabs, and a testicular sonography (ultrasound) are performed to rule out, for example, testicular torsion.

• Antibiotics – oral or intravenous, depending on the pathogen
• Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., ibuprofen)
• Elevation of the testicle, cooling, physical rest
• In rare cases: surgery, e.g., if an abscess forms