Preventive examination

Typically, this examination includes:

Medical history and physical examination: the urologist will first take a detailed medical history to gather information about your medical history, symptoms, medication use and lifestyle habits. This is followed by a physical examination, during which the urologist will palpate the abdomen, genitals, prostate (through the rectum) and possibly the kidneys.

Prostate examination: Today, prostate screening is mainly carried out using the PSA blood test, which can provide early indications of changes in the prostate. Current studies show that digital rectal examination is no longer routinely required in men without symptoms.

Testicular examination: An examination of the testicles for size, shape and consistency can help to detect testicular cancer at an early stage. This can be done by self-examination or with an ultrasound by a doctor.

Kidney examination : An ultrasound examination of the kidneys can help to detect kidney cancer or other kidney diseases at an early stage.

These screening examinations can detect various urological diseases such as prostate cancer, testicular cancer and kidney cancer at an early stage. Early detection increases the chances of successful treatment and significantly improves the patient's prognosis. It is important that men have regular check-ups, especially if they are at increased risk of certain diseases or notice symptoms that could indicate a urological problem.

For a long time, rectal palpation (also known as "prostate palpation") was an integral part of preventive examinations for men. However, medical research in recent years has shown that the early detection of prostate diseases - especially prostate cancer - has developed significantly.

Why is the palpation examination evaluated differently today?

Palpation can only assess part of the prostate. Earlier or small changes are often not palpable. Studies show that many relevant prostate carcinomas are not detected in this way, whereas modern methods are much more reliable.

Which examinations are more reliable today?

Today, modern prostate screening is primarily based on

• the PSA blood test (prostate-specific antigen)
• the course of the PSA value over time
• and - if necessary - an MRI examination of the prostate.

This combination enables an earlier, more precise and gentler clarification than the palpation examination alone.

Is the palpation examination still carried out at all?

Yes - but in a targeted manner and depending on the situation. The palpation examination can be useful

• in case of complaints (e.g. pain, suspected inflammation),
• in the case of an abnormal PSA value as additional information
• to clarify other urological issues

However, it is no longer routinely recommended as the sole screening test for men without symptoms.