Bladder and Urethra

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common conditions affecting the urinary tract, primarily affecting women but also men. These infections occur when bacteria enter the urethra and spread to the bladder. The most common symptoms include a burning sensation during urination, frequent and sudden urges to urinate, and lower abdominal pain.

Treatment for UTIs typically involves antibiotics, and preventive measures such as adequate fluid intake and good hygiene are important to prevent recurrences.

A bladder infection (cystitis) is a common result of a urinary tract infection that affects the bladder wall, causing pain, burning, and a feeling of pressure in the bladder area. Cystitis occurs mainly in women but can also affect men, particularly with existing risk factors such as prostate enlargement or urethral strictures.

Treatment typically involves antibiotics along with targeted symptomatic therapy to relieve the pain. In recurring cases, special preventive measures and a more detailed examination of the bladder may be necessary.

Urinary incontinence refers to the uncontrolled loss of urine and is a common problem, particularly in older age, but it can also be caused by other conditions such as diabetes, bladder weakness, or neurological disorders. There are different forms of incontinence, including stress incontinence (e.g., during coughing or sneezing) and urge incontinence (sudden urgency with uncontrollable urine loss).

The treatment of urinary incontinence includes conservative therapies such as pelvic floor exercises and bladder training, as well as medication. In more severe cases, minimally invasive procedures such as Botox injections into the bladder may be necessary.

Bladder emptying disorders occur when the bladder is not fully or regularly emptied, which can lead to urine accumulation in the bladder. This can be caused by various factors, including neurological conditions, urethral strictures, or bladder muscle weakness.

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include medication, bladder training, injections, or surgical interventions to restore normal urine flow.

Bladder cancer, also known as bladder cancer, is one of the most common cancers of the urogenital system. Bladder cancer originates in the cells of the bladder wall and can affect both the mucous membrane and deeper tissue layers. Early diagnosis and individually tailored therapy are crucial for treatment success and the prognosis of the disease.

Urethral strictures are constrictions in the urethra that obstruct urine flow and can lead to symptoms such as a weak urine stream, difficulty urinating, or pain. These constrictions often result from injuries, recurrent urinary tract infections, or surgical procedures.

Treatment typically involves urethral dilation or a urethral surgery, in which the narrowed area is removed or expanded to restore normal urine flow.