Congenital anomaly: In some cases, males have an enlarged or loose spermatic cord that holds the testicle less securely. This can cause the testicle to twist more easily.
Injuries: Trauma or sudden movement, such as during sports or physical activity, can cause testicular torsion.
Puberty: Adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 are most commonly affected, possibly due to hormonal changes that increase testicular mobility.
Severe, one-sided testicular pain: The pain usually occurs suddenly and can be very intense.
Swelling of the testicle: The affected testicle may swell and harden.
Redness or discoloration of the scrotum: The affected scrotum may become reddish or bluish.
Nausea and vomiting: Nausea and vomiting may occur due to the severe pain.
Lower abdominal pain: The pain may also radiate to the lower abdomen.
Clinical examination: The doctor palpates the scrotum and checks the position of the testicle.
Ultrasound: A Doppler ultrasound is often used to check blood flow to the testicle. Disturbed blood flow can confirm the diagnosis.
Treating testicular torsion requires rapid action. The earlier treatment is initiated, the higher the chances of saving the testicle. There are two main treatment options:
Surgical untwisting (emergency surgery): The testicle must be surgically untwisted, usually within 6 hours of the onset of symptoms, to restore blood flow. This procedure restores the testicle to its normal position and sometimes involves securing the testicle to the scrotum to prevent recurrence.
Bilateral testicular fixation: In some cases, it may be necessary to secure both testicles to reduce the risk of testicular torsion in the future.
Can testicular torsion occur without pain?
It is extremely rare for testicular torsion to occur without pain. In most cases, symptoms are accompanied by severe pain and swelling.
What can I do if I have symptoms of testicular torsion?
If you notice symptoms of testicular torsion, such as sudden, severe pain in the testicle, seek medical attention immediately. Prompt treatment is crucial.
Can testicular torsion occur more than once?
Yes, it is possible for testicular torsion to occur again, especially if the testicle has been fixed once. In some cases, prophylactic surgery on both testicles can be performed to prevent this.
What happens if the testicle needs to be removed after torsion?
If the testicle needs to be removed due to torsion, the patient can still retain normal fertility as long as the other testicle is intact and functioning. In some cases, prostheses can also be used to restore appearance.
If you suspect an acute urological emergency, you should immediately visit a hospital emergency room.
If you have any concerns, we are happy to provide you with an initial assessment by phone during our office hours.
